解决 mariadb 中文乱码的问题

参考

1. 首先创建数据库的时候就设定 utf8 编码create database dbname charset=utf8

2. 查看 msyql 中库的编码格式

# 连接数据库
mysql -uroot -ppassword dbname
# 查看编码格式
show variables like 'character%';

# 输出
MariaDB [blog]> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | latin1                     |
| character_set_connection | latin1                     |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | latin1                     |
| character_set_server     | latin1                     |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.001 sec)

# character_set_client为客户端编码方式；
# character_set_connection为建立连接使用的编码；character_set_database数据库的编码；
# character_set_results结果集的编码；
# character_set_server数据库服务器的编码；
# 只要保证以上四个采用的编码方式一样，就不会出现乱码问题。
**注意**: 已建的库和表，编码不会改变。如果在已有库中继续建表，表依然会继承来自库的过去使用的编码

3. 修改所有编码格式都为 utf8

[mysqld]
default-time-zone='+8:00'
lower_case_table_names=1
log-error=/var/log/mysql/log-error.log
default-storage-engine = innodb
innodb_file_per_table
max_connections = 4096

collation-server = utf8_general_ci
# 数据库服务器的编码
character-set-server = utf8

[client]
# 客户端编码方式
default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

4. 重启 mariadb 服务,再次查看编码格式,搞定

# 查看编码格式
show variables like 'character%';

# 输出
MariaDB [blog]> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.001 sec)